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Onchain Randomness

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Explain how ICP generates cryptographically secure random numbers onchain. Cover why randomness is hard on blockchains (deterministic execution), the VRF (Verifiable Random Function) approach used by ICP, security guarantees (no node can predict or bias the output), and developer-facing constraints (randomness only available in update calls, not queries).

  • guides/backends/randomness — practical how-to
  • concepts/security — randomness in the security model
  • reference/management-canister — raw_rand API